Решение: ИДЗ 1. Вариант 3
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VARIANT 3
READING
Text 1
1. Read the text and do exercises after the text.
ENGINEERING IN ROME
The Romans constructed many impressive buildings besides the Circus
Maximus and the Colosseum. Between A.D. 118 and 128, Hadrian rebuilt the
Pantheon, a temple for all the gods and goddesses, with a soaring dome and a
huge skylight. To build the Pantheon, the Romans mixed concrete a new
building material with various kinds of stone.
As they constructed public buildings and a vast network of roads, the Ro-
mans engineered aqueducts, or artificial channels for carrying water. These
lofty arches built out of stone enabled water to flow into Rome from as far
away as 30 miles (about 48 kilometers). One Roman-built aqueduct in Sego-
via, Spain, was so well constructed that it is still used today nearly 1.900
years after it was completed.
The Romans excelled at taking discoveries made by others, combining
them, refining them, and using them in new and often more practi cal ways.
They adapted the Etruscan arch and dome to construct aqueducts and the
Pantheon, and borrowed the design for columns from the Greek temple to
support porches the/built around Roman city squares.
Roman scientists also relied upon foreign resources information that had
been collected and organized from other cultures.
A) Decide whether the statements below are T (True) or F (False). If the
statement is false – write the correct sentence.
1. The Romans didn’t use discoveries made by others.
2. The Romans constructed many beautiful buildings.
3. Some structures can work in our days.
4. Ancient Romans mixed concrete with metal.
5. The Romans didn’t study information from other cultures.
B) In which part of the text we can find the information about. Английский язык. Профессионально-ориентированный курс:
учебное пособие / О.М. Демидова, 2012. – 110 с.
В авторской редакции
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Text 2
2. Read the text below and do the tasks after it.
THINK OF THE FUTURE!
The population of the world is growing very fast. In the last 40 years it has
doubled. By the year 2200 it will be about 10,000 million. Our cities will be
much bigger. There will be more factories and more roads. We will need
more water and more natural resources. Experts say that we must change the
way we use energy and natural resources now.
Every day we throw away millions of tones of rubbish. Half of this is pa-
per that we can use again. A typical family in Europe or America throws
away more than I tone of rubbish each year but we can recycle most of this.
If we recycle things, we can save money, energy and natural resources. Re-
cycling the New York Times newspaper, for example, will save 75,000trees
every week.
A lot of the rubbish that we throw away is nit biodegradable. Plastic, met-
als and chemicals will not disappear for hundreds of years. We also produce a
lot of unnecessary things such as packaging. All of this pollutes the air, the
land and the water. Pollution will be a very big problem in the future. We
must avoid using no biodegradable materials. We must also reduce the
amount of unnecessary things that we produce and use. In shops, for, exam-
ple we can say «No, thanks» to the packaging that comes with the things we
buy. Many natural resources are not renewable. Coal, gas, oil, metal and
mineral will finish one day. Other resources take a long time to grow, such as
trees or they are not always available, such as water. We have to reduce the
amount of resources and energy we use. We also have to find alternative
ways to make energy. We can use the sun, the wind, the sea and the heat of
the Earth.
A) Answer the questions:
1. What do we save when recycle things?
2. How many trees can we save by recycling the Sunday New York Times
new
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B) Decide if the sentences are true or false. If the sentence is false – give
the right variant.
1. The population of the world is growing very slowly.
2. Every day we throw away million of tones of rubbish.
3. If we stop using natural resources, we can save money, energy.
4. Plastic, metals and chemicals disappear very quickly.
5. Coal, gas, oil, metal and minerals will never finish.
C) Read the text and finish the sentences.
1. In the last years the population…..
2. Experts say that we will have serious environmental problems in the future
and must change…
3. A typical family in Europe or America throws…
4. If we recycle things, we can…
5. Plastic, metals and chemicals do no …
VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
3. A. Find in the text the synonyms of the words below.
1. to join together
2. to give an opportunity
3. to do very well
4. very big
5. not natural or real
B. Choose the correct variant.
1. Aqueduct is a (n)______.
a) dangerous road
b) special channel
c) impressive building
2. Skylight is a _________.
a) huge dome
b) city gate
c) window in a roof
3. Temple is a place where people ______.
a) play sport
b) entertain
c) worship Английский язык. Профессионально-ориентированный курс:
учебное пособие / О.М. Демидова, 2012. – 110 с.
В авторской редакции
45
4. Rebuild is to _________.
a) change design
b) build again
c) stop constructing
5. To borrow is to __________.
a) take, use smb’s ideas, things
b) share smb’s ideas, things
c) record new ideas
TRANSLATION
4. A. Choose the correct translation of the underlined word.
1. Scientists studying the properties of a substance will apply it in research
a) изучая
b) изучающий
c) изучает
2. Using the device, we got accurate data
a) используя
b) использование
c) использующий
3. The staff of the laboratory is finishing the work on the apparatus
a) заканчивает
b) заканчивающий
c) заканчивая
4. The engineer testing the device, nobody is allowed to come in
a) проверяя
b) проверяющий
c) проверяет
5. The changes влияющие the composition of materials are chemical changes
a) is affecting
b) affecting
в) by affecting
6. Изучая elements Mendeleyev found that they could be divided into nine
groups
a) studying
b) is studying
c) on studying
Английский язык. Профессионально-ориентированный курс:
учебное пособие / О.М. Демидова, 2012. – 110 с.
В авторской редакции
46
B. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
1. Smoking is not allowed in this building
2. The director was responsible for the work being finished in time
3. He entered the room without noticing her
4. Method used improved the quality of production
WRITING
5. Write an abstract of the text below.
A MELTING POT
The United States of America has probably one of the most «mixed popu-
lations» in the world. This is why it is often called «melting point». The first
Americans were the Native Americans – there are about 2 million o them to-
day, about 0,8 % of the population. Their ancestors came to America over a
«land bridge» from Asia 40,000 years before Columbus.
The European Arrive
Many years later, in the 1600s, people arrived from Europe. He first group
came from England and France. Today about 32 million Americans (about
13 %) have English ancestors from over 300 years ago. The Europeans also
took people by force from Africa to work for them in the «new World». As
slaves they had a very hard and difficult life, and many of them died during
the journey to America or on tobacco and cotton farms. There are about
30 million black Americans (about 12 % of the population in the United
States today and most of these are descendants of slaves. More recently, peo-
ple have come to the United States from other parts of the world. Between
1820 and 1860
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