Решение: Контрольная работа №3. Вариант 1
lEx.1. Перепишите предложения, поставив глагол в указанную видовременную форму, и переведите их.
1) When the government [to limit – Past Perfect Active] imports, it [to attempt – Past Indefinite Active] to control the amount of currency which [to leave – Past Continuous Active] the country.
2) As the modern industrial economy [to become – Present Continuous Active] more complex, increasing number of people [to require – Present Continuous Passive] in such services industries as banking and financial services, professional services, the repair of mechanical equipment, and government services.
3) The labor productivity [to increase – Past Indefinite Passive] by ten percent at this factory after new technology [to introduce – Past Perfect Passive].
4) Throughout history, various commodities [to use – Present Perfect ong.
Ex.2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление эквивалентов модальных глаголов to be allowed to, to be able to, to be to, to have to. Подчеркните эквиваленты модальных глаголов и соответствующие им варианты перевода.
1) As the company was not able to pay its debts to the creditors, it was useless to protest against selling the company’s real estate.
2) According to the special Copyright Act, nobody is allowed to reproduce and make copies of a book or a compact disc without the owner’s permission.
3) Last year, some African countries had to buy large quantities of foodstuffs from the European countries and the USA because they lost most of their crops due to drought.
4) Like many other European countries, France is to import a large portion of its energy supplies and industrial minerals that is why it has to balance the state budget by means of exporting agricultural and manufactured products.
5) In some countries, the worker is not able to claim for unemployment benefit, if he has been fired from his/her previous work.
Ex.3. Выберите модальный глагол или его эквивалент из предложенных вариантов. Предложения перепишите и переведите.
1) According to the customs regulations, passengers нельзя carry more than 10 packs of
cigarettes.
a) are not allowed to b) is not able to c) was not to d) need not
2) At an auction, buyers должны quickly decide what price they are willing to pay.
a) were to b) will have to c) have to d) are allowed to
3) We не сможем advertise our firm on television because it is too expensive.
a) must not b) will not be able c) will not have to d) should not
4) The company пришлось lower the price of its goods because they were not in large demand.
a) were to b) had to c) was able to d) must
5) You можешь make a very good profit if you sell your shares at the right time.
a) are to b) should c) were to d) are able to
Ex.4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на способы перевода герундия [Gerund].
1) The Industrial Revolution is the name given to the process of transferring from the agrarian, handicraft economy to the economy dominated by industry and machine manufacture.
2) Due to introducing euro in circulation in 12 of the 15 nations of the EU, travelers in Europe can now make purchases anywhere within the EU without changing money and without worrying about exchange rates.
3) In some countries, there are restrictions on what foreign tourists may bring in; for example, bringing alcohol to some Arab countries is strictly forbidden.
4) The English Tourist Board is a government-supported agency that promotes tourism by advertising, publishing promotional material, and encouraging the improvement of tourist accommodations, restaurants, and other amenities.
5) Several manufactures were accused of dumping, in other words selling goods abroad at a lower price than they were sold domestically.
Ex.5. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значения ing- формы. Подчеркните Participle I одной чертой, Gerund – двумя.
1) Active money is money going from person to person and used by people in buying and selling goods or
Ex.5. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значения ing- формы. Подчеркните Participle I одной чертой, Gerund – двумя.
1) Active money is money going from person to person and used by people in buying and selling goods or services.
2) Registering copyright according to the existing laws guarantees the author the exclusive privilege to distribute, reproduce, perform or display his creative work..
3) The speculator on the stock exchange wishing to sell securities in anticipation of a fall in their prices is called a bear.
4) There is always an element of risk in providing financial capital to a person starting his own business.
5) Withdrawing cash from their accounts by means of an ATM, bank customers receive a receipt showing the amount of the transaction and the account balance.
Ex.6. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значения ed-формы.
1) A limited liability company or a corporation is headed by the board of directors elected by shareholders.
2) An income tax is a tax imposed by the government on the incomes of natural persons or on the profits of enterprises.
3) In 1948, The Netherlands formed a customs union with Belgium and Luxembourg called Benelux. It abolished all customs duties on goods moving between the three countries.
4) Some imported goods are more competitive than goods produced in this country.
5) The article published in the yesterday’s issue of “Financial Times” pays particular attention to the measures aimed at further increasing the interest rates.
Ex.7. Перепишите и переведите данные словосочетания, обращая внимание на особенности перевода определений, выраженных существительными.
1) railroad company owner 6) tax system reform
2) high-quality goods production 7) assembly-line repair
3) goods and services prices 8) profit tax increase
4) public relations manager 9) oil company securities
5) minimum-wage law 10) steel import restrictions
Ex.8. Поставьте сказуемые, данные в скобках, в отрицательную форму. Предложения перепишите и переведите.
1) Goodwill of the company [belongs] to tangible assets but it can be sold like any other property.
2) Many countries of the Third World got political independence after World War II, but they [have become] independent economically yet.
3) Developing countries [will be able to achieve] economic independence until they import less than they export.
4) In the USA, the prices listed on items in the department stores [include] sales tax; it is added to the bill by a cashier.
5) In the early 1970s, when inflation began to exceed 5 percent a year, President of the USA Richard M. Nixon established price controls, but the experiment [worked] well and was soon discontinued.
Ex.9. Прочитайте текст, устно переведите его и выполните упражнения, данные ниже.
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
[1] Industrial Revolution is a process of transferring from an agrarian, handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacture. The most important of the changes that led to the first Industrial Revolution were (1) the invention of machines to do the work of hand tools; (2) the use of steam, and later of other kinds of power, instead of the muscles of human beings and of animals; (3) the development of the factory system of manufacture.
[2] The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 18th century with two inventions in the textile industry. In 1733, John Kay devised the flying shuttle1. It enabled one person to handle a wide loom more rapidly than two persons could operate it before. 31 years later, James Hargreaves designed the spinning jenny2 for making yarn. It enabled one worker to run eight spindles3 instead of one. These inventions completely transformed the textile industry, in which almost no change had occurred for thousands of years.
[3] While textile machinery was developing, progress was being made in other directions. In 1763, James Watt, a Scottish mechanic, was asked to repair a model of a Newcomen’s
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